Good neighbors keep our hearts healthy

We’ve all heard stories of how our environments can negatively affect our health. Experts cite such factors as high concentration of fast food outlets, increased levels of violence, noise and pollution, drug use and even crumbling infrastructure. New research reveals that the reverse can be true as well. Positive environmental characteristics can potentially have health-enhancing effects, particularly on our hearts.

In a study published in the late August issue of the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health that examined heart health of more than 5,000 U.S. adults with no known heart issues, participants were asked to find out how they felt in relation to their local neighborhoods. The intent was to identify how participants’ perception of the close-knit nature of their neighborhood was and how that influenced their heart health.

Participants, who were on average 70 years old and mostly married women, were asked:

• If they thought neighbors would come to their aid if they needed help
• Whether they trusted most people in the area
• If they felt these people were friendly

Results revealed that the more perceived social cohesion participants associated with their neighborhoods, the less likely the risk of a heart attack. In fact, odds were reduced by 22 percent. The research took into account and adjusted for such factors as age, gender, race, marital status, education and total wealth.

Researchers noted that the study was observational so no definitive conclusions can be drawn about cause and effect. They also admitted that some key risk factors, such as family history of heart disease and stroke along with other genetic influences were unknown.

They did note, however, that a strong social network of friends and family has been linked to better health, and neighborhoods that have close connections may be an extension of that concept.

“Perceived neighborhood social cohesion could be a type of social support that is available in the neighborhood social environment outside the realm of family and friends,” said lead study author Eric Kim, a professor of psychology at University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, in a statement.

Researchers also added that tight-knit local communities may prevent antisocial behaviors and reinforce and encourage certain types of cohesive behaviors.