Overlooking this condition can lead to years of unnecessary pain

Many women brush off the intense, debilitating pain associated with endometriosis thinking it’s merely bad menstrual cramps. But this can lead to years of unnecessary, uncontrolled symptoms.

Endometriosis is a common health condition that impacts 190 million women of reproductive age worldwide. It occurs when uterus tissue lining begins to grow and attach to various organs, most commonly the ovaries, fallopian tubes and the outer surface of the uterus.

“The pain stems from inflammation, scar tissue formation, blocked fallopian tubes and bleeding in the irregular parts of the body where tissue grew,” explains Dr. A. Joon Park, an OB-GYN physician at Aurora Health Care.

The symptoms of endometriosis can vary, but common signs include:

• Severe menstrual cramps
• Chronic pelvic pain
• Pain during intercourse
• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Fatigue
• Bloating and abdominal pain
• Infertility

“Some women notice that endometriosis symptoms dissipate with age, specifically after reaching menopause,” Dr. Park says.

Researchers are still studying the cause of endometriosis, but many experts believe irregular menstrual flow, hormones and genetics are to blame.

“To diagnose endometriosis, you will first need a pelvic exam and various imaging. To confirm the diagnosis, a laparoscopy will be performed,” Dr. Park says. “This is a minimally invasive procedure used to identify endometrial growths. Sometimes, tissue will be removed and biopsied.”

Endometriosis treatment

Currently there isn’t a cure for endometriosis, but there are treatment options that can help manage symptoms:

• Over the counter pain medications, such as ibuprofen and naproxen
• Hormonal contraceptives, to help control and balance hormones
• Prescription medications designed to decrease estrogen levels
• Laparoscopic surgery, to remove tissue that may be contributing to your discomfort
• A hysterectomy, removal of the uterus. This surgery is typically performed only in severe cases and as a last resort.

“I think many women have the perception that treating pelvic pain can be challenging, but I really enjoy when they come back smiling because their pain is much better after starting treatment,” Dr. Park says.

Consult with your OB-GYN provider if you suspect you might have endometriosis.

Find an OB-GYN provider near you: Illinois | Wisconsin