GLP-1 medications are popular, but are they right for you?

Anti-obesity medications were a common topic of discussion this past year. While they may seem like a great option for weight loss, they aren’t appropriate for everyone, and they certainly come with their own risks.

Glucagon-like agonists (GLP-1s) mimic the body’s glucagon-like peptide hormone and produce insulin after eating to help lower blood sugar. The medication slows the movement of food into the small intestine, making you feel fuller longer. Generally, GLP-1s should only be used temporarily as a bridge to healthier eating and lifestyle changes that will support both losing weight and keeping it off. For some patients, long-term use may be necessary to sustain benefits, similar to how medications are used for other chronic conditions, like hypertension.

The success that some achieve using GLP-1s can come with a price – both financially and physically. Many insurance carriers do not cover the costs associated with GLP-1 medications or only do so for a limited amount of time. It’s also important to consider the side effects of GLP-1s and discuss any concerns with your health care provider before starting the medication. Some side effects include pancreatitis, thyroid cancer, muscle loss, eye complications, kidney failure and severe gastrointestinal discomfort. Additionally, weight loss from GLP-1s is temporary, with nearly 80% of people regaining the lost weight within six months to a year after stopping the medication.

Fortunately, GLP-1 medications aren’t necessary for weight loss. There is truly no substitute to healthy eating, portion control and exercise. Even if you do utilize GLP-1s to support your weight loss journey, diet and exercise remain the key to success. Although they do not replicate the potent effects of GLP-1 medications, berberine and apple cider vinegar are dietary supplements that provide a nice alternative to those medications when combined with other lifestyle changes.

While GLP-1 medications are effective for many people, they are not appropriate for everyone. Talk with your health care provider to determine the best way for you to safely achieve your weight loss goals. You should never feel ashamed about wanting to make positive changes and take charge of your health.

Dr. Tony Hampton is a family medicine physician at Advocate Health Care.

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